How soluble is Chlorobenzene in common solvents?
Chlorobenzene, a common organic solvent, has varying solubility in different solvents. Here’s an overview of its solubility in some common solvents:
- Water: Chlorobenzene is not significantly soluble in water. Its solubility in water is very low, with a reported solubility of around 0.11 grams per liter at 25°C. Chlorobenzene and water are immiscible, meaning they do not mix to a significant extent.
- Polar Organic Solvents: Chlorobenzene is moderately soluble in polar organic solvents such as acetone, ethanol, methanol, and ethyl acetate. Its solubility in these solvents increases with temperature. For example, chlorobenzene has a solubility of about 8.5 grams per liter in acetone at 25°C.
- Nonpolar Organic Solvents: Chlorobenzene is highly soluble in nonpolar organic solvents such as hexane, diethyl ether, and carbon tetrachloride. Its solubility in these solvents is much higher compared to polar solvents. For instance, chlorobenzene has a solubility of about 26 grams per liter in hexane at 25°C.
- Aromatic Solvents: Chlorobenzene is miscible with other aromatic solvents such as benzene, toluene, and xylene. These solvents have similar chemical properties to chlorobenzene, leading to good solubility between them.
In general, chlorobenzene exhibits higher solubility in nonpolar and aromatic solvents compared to polar solvents. Its solubility behavior is attributed to its nonpolar aromatic structure, which interacts favorably with similar nonpolar or aromatic molecules. However, chlorobenzene’s solubility in water is limited due to its nonpolar nature and the lack of significant interactions with water molecules.